CWE-306

AI Agent Uncovers Unauthenticated Router Config Dump Leading to CVE Filing

An LLM agent tasked only with documenting network topology independently discovered a critical authentication bypass in a home router firmware. The agent performed read-only reconnaissance, extracted the full configuration including base64-encoded admin passwords and WPA2 keys via an unprotected CGI endpoint, and verified the finding by obtaining a valid session cookie. It then produced a complete coordinated disclosure report, classified the issue under CWE-306 with a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8, and prepared the MITRE CVE submission package. The vulnerability affects LAN-side management interfaces of certain SOHO routers running legacy Boa web servers and remains unpatched due to inaccessible vendor firmware channels. The researcher maintained strict read-only permissions for the agent throughout the process, ensuring no configuration changes occurred. The case demonstrates how autonomous agents can accelerate vulnerability research while staying within defined operational boundaries.